Léitheoireacht Na Gaeilge: Cur Chuige Ionchuimsitheach i Dteagasc na Léitheoireachta Gaeilge sna Hardranganna Bunscoile i Scoil Tumoideachais
Keywords:
tumoideachas, litearthacht, léitheoireacht, ionchuimsitheacht, measúnúAbstract
I suíomhanna tumoideachais in Éirinn bíonn daltaí tumtha i dteanga nach teanga an bhaile í ag a bhformhór. Sna hardranganna bunscoile cleachtar léitheoireacht na Gaeilge agus an Bhéarla. Ach is beag eolas atá againn ar an dóigh a léann páistí tumoideachais sa Ghaeilge, sa dá theanga nó ar na scileanna agus straitéisí a bhíonn in úsáid acu agus iad ag léamh. Tá ganntanas treorach agus taighde ann ar an bhealach is éifeachtaí leis an délitearthacht a chur chun cinn, nó le freastal ar riachtanais dhifriúla na bpáistí thar dhá theanga. Le cleachtas ionchuimsitheach a chur chun cinn tá géarghá leis an eolas seo. Sa staidéar seo baintear úsáid as measúnaithe múnlaitheacha, ailt taighde agus ábhar léitheoireachta nua le múinteoirí a spreagadh le machnamh a dhéanamh ar an gcleachtas reatha. Fiosraítear grúpaí dírithe léitheoireachta mar fhéidearthacht le freastal ar riachtanais éagsúla agus le tacú le múinteoirí cur lena straitéisí ionchuimsitheacha le páistí 9-11 bliana d’aois.
References
Ash, G. E., Kuhn, M. R., & Walpole, S. (2008). Analyzing “inconsistencies” in practice: Teachers' continued use of round robin reading. Reading & Writing Quarterly, 25(1), 87-103.
Barnes, E. (2017). Dyslexia Assessment and Reading Intervention for Pupils in Irish-Medium Education: Insights into Current Practice and Considerations for Improvement. M. Phil in Speech and Language Processing School of Linguistics, Speech and Communication Sciences Trinity College Dublin.
Bingham, G. E., & Hall‐Kenyon, K. M. (2013). Examining teachers' beliefs about and implementation of a balanced literacy framework. Journal of Research in Reading, 36(1), 14-28.
Breacadh. (2007). Liostaí Bhreacadh: Focail Choitianta sa Ghaeilge. Breacadh.
Clarke, V., & Braun, V. (2017). Thematic analysis. The journal of positive psychology, 12(3), 297-298.
Cammarata, L., & Tedick, D. J. (2012). Balancing content and language in instruction: The experience of immersion teachers. The Modern Language Journal, 96(2), 251-269.
CAST (2018). Universal Design for Learning Guidelines Version 2.2.
Chard, D. J., Vaughn, S., & Tyler, B. J. (2002). A synthesis of research on effective interventions for building reading fluency with elementary students with learning disabilities. Journal of learning disabilities, 35(5), 386-406.
de Brún, J. (2012). Cód na Gaeilge. Council for the Curriculum, Examinations and Assessment, Northern Ireland. https://ccea.org.uk/search?search_fulltext=c%C3%B3d+na+gaeilge
Cummins, J. (2011). Literacy engagement: Fueling academic growth for English learners. The reading teacher, 65(2), 142-146.
Day, R., & Bamford, J. (2002). Top ten principles for teaching extensive reading.
Dole, J. A. (2002). Comprehension strategies. Literacy in America: An Encyclopedia of History, Theory, and Practice, 1(1), 85-88.
Duguay, A., Kenyon, D., Haynes, E., August, D., & Yanosky, T. (2016). Measuring teachers’ knowledge of vocabulary development and instruction. Reading and Writing, 29(2), 321-347.
Dunne, C. and Hickey, T. (2017). Cleachtais agus roghanna léitheoireachta an aosa óig. An Chomhairle um Oideachais Gaeltachta agus Gaelscolaíochta.
Escamilla, K. & Hopewell, S. (2010). Transitions to biliteracy: Creating positive academic trajectories for emerging bilinguals in the United States. In J. Petrovic (Ed.) International Perspectives on Bilingual Education: Policy, Practice and Controversy (pp. 69-93). International Perspectives on Education Policy, Research and Practice.
Fountas, I. C., & Pinnell, G. S. (2012). Guided reading: The romance and the reality. The Reading Teacher, 66(4), 268–284. https://doi.org/10.1002/TRTR.01123
Gambrell, L. B., Malloy, J. A., Bates, C. C., & Headley, K. N. (2014). Literacy motivation and engagement: Policies, trends, and practices. National Dropout Prevention Center/Network Newsletter.
Genesee, F., & Lindholm-Leary, K. (2021). The suitability of dual language education for diverse students: An overview of research in Canada and the United States. Journal of Immersion and Content-Based Language Education, 9(2), 164-192.
Glasswell, K., & Ford, M. P. (2010). Teaching flexibly with levelled texts: More power for your reading block. The Reading Teacher, 64(1), 57-60. https://www.jstor.org/stable/41804252
Grabe, W.P., & Stoller, F.L. (2011). Teaching and researching: Reading (2nd ed.). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315833743
Grabe, W. (2010). Fluency in reading-Thirty-five years later. Reading in a Foreign Language.
Grabe, W. (2009). Reading in a second language: Moving from theory to practice. Cambridge Applied Linguistics. Cambridge University Press.
Griffith, R., Bauml, M., & Barksdale, B. (2015). In-the-moment teaching decisions in primary grade reading: The role of context and teacher knowledge. Journal of Research in Childhood Education, 29(4), 444-457.
Gorski, P. C. (2009). Cognitive dissonance as a strategy in social justice teaching. Multicultural Education, 17(1), 54-57.
Guerra, P. L., & Wubbena, Z. C. (2017). Teacher Beliefs and Classroom Practices Cognitive Dissonance in High Stakes Test-Influenced Environments. Issues in Teacher Education, 26(1), 35-51.
Guthrie, J. T. (2013). Best practices for motivating students to read. University of Maryland College Park.
Harris, J., Forde, P., Archer, P., Nic Fhearaile, S, O’Gorman, M. (2006). Irish in primary schools. Long-term national trends in achievement. Department of Education and Science.
Hinkel, E. (2006). Current Perspectives on Teaching the Four Skills. TESOL Quarterly, 40(1), 109–131. https://doi.org/10.2307/40264513
Hopewell, S., & Escamilla, K. (2014). Struggling reader or emerging biliterate student? Re-evaluating the criteria for labelling emerging bilingual students as low achieving. Journal of Literacy Research, 46(1), 68–89. https://doi.org/10.1177/1086296X13504869
Hornberger, N. H. (2004). The continua of biliteracy and the bilingual educator: Educational linguistics in practice. International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism, 7(2–3), 155–171. https://doi.org/10.1080/13670050408667806
Keane, E. O., & Zimmerman, S. (1997). Mosaic of thought: Teaching comprehension in a reader’s workshop. Heinemann.
Koda, K. (2005). Insights into second language reading: A cross-linguistic approach. Cambridge University Press.
La Serna, J. (2022). Supporting literacy development in two‐way immersion classrooms (Grades 3–5). Foreign Language Annals, 55(3), 725-741.
Lee, K., & Chen, X. (2018). An emergent interaction between reading fluency and vocabulary in the prediction of reading comprehension among French immersion elementary students. Reading and Writing: An Interdisciplinary Journal. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11145-018-9920-z.
Lervåg, A., & Aukrust, V. G. (2010). Vocabulary knowledge is a critical determinant of the difference in reading comprehension growth between first and second language learners. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 51(5), 612–620. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2009.02185.x
Lyddy, F., O’Loinsigh, B., & Parsons, C. (2005). 11 Reading Processes in Irish-English Bilinguals: Evidence from the Stroop Interference Effect. Learning to read and reading to learn, 90.
Martinez, K., & Plevyak, L. (2020). Small Versus Whole Group Reading Instruction in an Elementary Reading Classroom. Humanising Language Teaching, 22(1).
Montrul, S. (2008). Second language acquisition welcomes the heritage language learner: opportunities of a new field. Second Language Research, 24(4), 487-506.
National Reading Panel (US), National Institute of Child Health, & Human Development (US). (2000). Teaching children to read: An evidence-based assessment of the scientific research literature on reading and its implications for reading instruction: Reports of the subgroups. National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health.
Nic Aindriú, S. (2021). The Challenges of Irish Language Acquisition for Students with Special Educational Needs in Irish-medium Primary Schools. TEANGA, the Journal of the Irish Association for Applied Linguistics, 28, 176-201.
Nic Aindriú, S. (2024). Inclusion in Immersion Education: Identifying and Supporting Students with Additional Educational Needs. Encyclopedia, 4 (4), 1496-1508.
Nig Uidhir, G., & Ó Ceallaigh, T. J. (2023). Unmasking essential Irishmedium immersion-specific teacher competences. Irish Journal of Education, 47(6), 53-75. www.erc.ie/IJE/special-issues
Ó Duibhir, P., Nig Uidhir, G., Ó Cathalláin, S., Ní Thuairisg, L., Cosgrove, J. (2017). Anailís ar mhúnlaí soláthair gaelscolaíochta. An Coiste Seasta Thuaidh Theas ar Ghaeloideachas.
Ó Duibhir, P. (2018). Immersion education. Lessons from a minority language context. Multilingual Matters.
Parsons, C. E., & Lyddy, F. (2016). A longitudinal study of early reading development in two languages: Comparing literacy outcomes in Irish immersion, English medium and Gaeltacht schools. International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism, 19(5), 511–529. https://doi.org/10.1080/13670050.2015.1019412
Péterváry, T., Ó Curnáin, B., Ó Giollagáin, C. & Sheahan, J. (2014). Iniúchadh ar an gcumas dátheangach: An sealbhú teanga i measc ghlúin óg na Gaeltachta. An Chomhairle um Oideachas Gaeltachta agus Gaelscoileanna.
Pressley, M. (2001). Comprehension instruction: What makes sense now, what might make sense soon. Reading online, 5(2), n2. http://www.oelp.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/Comprehension-instruction_Pressley.pdf
Rasinski, T. (2014). Delivering supportive fluency instruction-especially for students who struggle. Reading Today, 31(5), 26–28.
Rasinski, T. V. (2004). Assessing reading fluency. Pacific Resources for Education and Learning (PREL).
Shanahan, T. (2013). Letting the text take center stage. American Educator, 37(3), 4-11, 43.
Shanahan, T. (2020). Limiting children to books they can already read. American Educator, 44(2), 13-17, 39.
Snell, E. K., Hindman, A. H., & Wasik, B. A. (2015). How can book reading close the word gap? Five key practices from research. The Reading Teacher, 68(7), 560-571.
Stanovich, K. E. (2000). Progress in understanding reading: Scientific foundations and new frontiers. Guilford Press.
Stenson, N. and Hickey, T. (2018). Understanding Irish spelling: A handbook for teachers and learners. An Chomhairle um Oideachas Gaeltachta agus Gaelscoileanna.
Taylor, B. M., Pearson, P. D., Peterson, D. S., & Rodriguez, M. C. (2005). The CIERA school change framework: An evidence‐based approach to professional development and school reading improvement. Reading Research Quarterly, 40(1), 40-69.
Treacy, M., & Leavy, A. (2021). Student voice and its role in creating cognitive dissonance: The neglected narrative in teacher professional development. Professional Development in Education, 1-20. https://doi.org/10.1080/19415257.2021.1876147
Vygotsky, L. S. (1987). The collected works of LS Vygotsky: The fundamentals of defectology (Vol. 2). Springer Science & Business Media.
Walpole, S., McKenna, M. C., Philippakos, Z. (2011). Differentiated reading instruction in Grades 4 and 5: Strategies and resources. Guilford Press.
Wasik, B. A., & Iannone‐Campbell, C. (2012). Developing vocabulary through purposeful, strategic conversations. The Reading Teacher, 66(4), 321–332. https://doi.org/10.1002/TRTR.01095
Westwood, P. (2001). Differentiation as a Strategy for Inclusive Classroom Practice: Some Difficulties Identified, Australian Journal of Learning Difficulties, 6(1), 5-11.
Wilson, T., Nabors, D., Berg, H., Simpson, C., & Timme, K. (2012). Small-group reading instruction: Lessons from the field. Dimensions of Early Childhood, 40(3), 30-39.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 REACH: Journal of Inclusive Education in Ireland

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Copyright Notice
Authors contributing to REACH: Journal of Inclusive Education in Ireland retain the copyright of their article and at the same time agree to publish their articles under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution- NonCommercial- NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) License allowing third parties to share, copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format under the following terms:
- Attribution (BY): You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
- NonCommercial (NC): You may not use the material for commercial purposes.
- NoDerivatives (ND): If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.
Learn more about Creative Commons licensing.